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说明:网上关于ONVIF开发的文章并不多,也更找不到具体的实例来入门学习。只能靠翻阅各种Specification摸索中前进,下面是最近几天的成果。调通了服务端(或者说设备端)的Discovery,使用OnvifTestTool12.06能够搜到我的设备。【来自http://blog.csdn.net/ghostyu】

1、在使用wsdl2h产生头文件前需要修改typemap.dat,

修改的依据在这里:http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~engelen/soap.html,在FAQ页面下的 How do I use gSOAP for the ONVIF specifications?

#Use gSOAP 2.8.10 and up. In the typemap.dat file used by wsdl2h, add:
#	ONVIF recommended prefixes
tds	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/device/wsdl"
tev	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/events/wsdl"
tls	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/display/wsdl"
tmd	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/deviceIO/wsdl"
timg	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver20/imaging/wsdl"
trt	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/media/wsdl"
tptz	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver20/ptz/wsdl"
trv	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/receiver/wsdl"
trc	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/recording/wsdl"
tse	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/search/wsdl"
trp	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/replay/wsdl"
tan	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver20/analytics/wsdl"
tad	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/analyticsdevice/wsdl"
tdn	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/network/wsdl"
tt	= "http://www.onvif.org/ver10/schema"
#	OASIS recommended prefixes
wsnt	= "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsn/b-2"
wsntw	= "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsn/bw-2"
wsrfbf	= "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsrf/bf-2"
wsrfr	= "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsrf/r-2"
wsrfrw  = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsrf/rw-2"
wstop	= "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsn/t-1"
#	WS-Discovery 1.0 remapping
wsdd10__HelloType		= | wsdd__HelloType
wsdd10__ByeType			= | wsdd__ByeType
wsdd10__ProbeType		= | wsdd__ProbeType
wsdd10__ProbeMatchesType	= | wsdd__ProbeMatchesType
wsdd10__ProbeMatchType		= | wsdd__ProbeMatchType
wsdd10__ResolveType		= | wsdd__ResolveType
wsdd10__ResolveMatchesType	= | wsdd__ResolveMatchesType
wsdd10__ResolveMatchType	= | wsdd__ResolveMatchType
#	SOAP-ENV mapping
SOAP_ENV__Envelope	= struct SOAP_ENV__Envelope { struct SOAP_ENV__Header *SOAP_ENV__Header; _XML SOAP_ENV__Body; }; | struct SOAP_ENV__Envelope
SOAP_ENV__Header	= | struct SOAP_ENV__Header
SOAP_ENV__Fault		= | struct SOAP_ENV__Fault
SOAP_ENV__Detail	= | struct SOAP_ENV__Detail
SOAP_ENV__Code		= | struct SOAP_ENV__Code
SOAP_ENV__Subcode	= | struct SOAP_ENV__Subcode
SOAP_ENV__Reason	= | struct SOAP_ENV__Reason

2、根据onvif官网提供的remotediscovery.wsdl产生onvif.h头文件

关于onvif所有的wsdl都在这里:http://www.onvif.org/Documents/Specifications.aspx中的ONVIF WSDL and XML Schemas Specifications一节,虽然可以全部下载为wsdl文件,但是wsdl文件中存在相互依赖的关系,并且是带有存储的依赖,所以最好直接使用url来产生头文件,不要下载下来。
wsdl2h -o onvif.h -c -s -t ./typemap.dat http://www.onvif.org/onvif/ver10/network/wsdl/remotediscovery.wsdl

3、使用onvif.h来产生骨架代码

soapcpp2 -c onvif.h -x -I /root/onvif/gsoap-2.8/gsoap/import -I /root/onvif/gsoap-2.8/gsoap/

4、ProbeMatches代码

这样就创建了基本的服务端和客户端的代码了,下面需要添加具体的代码了。

其中包括:

(1)创建组播用的udp socket,绑定组播地址为239.255.255.250,端口为3702,因为ws-discovery的组播地址和端口就是为239.255.255.250和3702

(2)在产生的Probe函数中添加ProbeMatches代码
首先是udp socket

int bind_server_udp1(int server_s)
	struct sockaddr_in local_addr;
	memset(&local_addr,0,sizeof(local_addr));
	local_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	local_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	local_addr.sin_port = htons(3702);
	return bind(server_s,(struct sockaddr*)&local_addr,sizeof(local_addr));
static int create_server_socket_udp(void)
    int server_udp;
	unsigned char one = 1;
	int sock_opt = 1;
	//server_udp = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    server_udp = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
    if (server_udp == -1) {
        printf("unable to create socket\n");
    /* reuse socket addr */
    if ((setsockopt(server_udp, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void *) &sock_opt,
                    sizeof (sock_opt))) == -1) {
        printf("setsockopt\n");
    if ((setsockopt(server_udp, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP,
                       &one, sizeof (unsigned char))) == -1) {
        printf("setsockopt\n");
	struct ip_mreq mreq;
	mreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = inet_addr("239.255.255.250");
	mreq.imr_interface.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	if(setsockopt(server_udp,IPPROTO_IP,IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,&mreq,sizeof(mreq))==-1){
		perror("memberchip error\n");
    return server_udp;
}
需要注意几点:1/设置socket属性SO_REUSEADDR,2、设置socket属性IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,目的是让3702的端口能够重复绑定,一家加入组播组。

其次是添加ProbeMatches代码
(1)首先复制client的soap_send___wsdd__ProbeMatches函数到服务端来,因为soap_send___wsdd__ProbeMatches已经写好了用于响应Probe消息的框架了,不用白不用啊。
(2)编写__wsdd__Probe函数,添加如下内容

int  __wsdd__Probe(struct soap* soap, struct wsdd__ProbeType *wsdd__Probe)
	DBG("__wsdd__Probe\n");
	char macaddr[6];
	char _IPAddr[INFO_LENGTH];
	char _HwId[1024];
	wsdd__ProbeMatchesType ProbeMatches;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch = (struct wsdd__ProbeMatchType *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(struct wsdd__ProbeMatchType));
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->XAddrs = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * INFO_LENGTH);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Types = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * INFO_LENGTH);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes = (struct wsdd__ScopesType*)soap_malloc(soap,sizeof(struct wsdd__ScopesType));
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceProperties = (struct wsa__ReferencePropertiesType*)soap_malloc(soap,sizeof(struct wsa__ReferencePropertiesType));
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceParameters = (struct wsa__ReferenceParametersType*)soap_malloc(soap,sizeof(struct wsa__ReferenceParametersType));
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ServiceName = (struct wsa__ServiceNameType*)soap_malloc(soap,sizeof(struct wsa__ServiceNameType));
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.PortType = (char **)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char *) * SMALL_INFO_LENGTH);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__any = (char **)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char*) * SMALL_INFO_LENGTH);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__anyAttribute = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * SMALL_INFO_LENGTH);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.Address = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * INFO_LENGTH);
	macaddr[0]=0x01;macaddr[1]=0x01;macaddr[2]=0x01;macaddr[3]=0x01;macaddr[4]=0x01;macaddr[5]=0x01;
	sprintf(_HwId,"urn:uuid:2419d68a-2dd2-21b2-a205-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",macaddr[0], macaddr[1], macaddr[2], macaddr[3], macaddr[4], macaddr[5]);
	sprintf(_IPAddr, "http://%03d.%03d.%1d.%03d/onvif/device_service", 192, 168, 1, 233);
	ProbeMatches.__sizeProbeMatch = 1;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes->__item =(char *)soap_malloc(soap, 1024);
	memset(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes->__item,0,sizeof(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes->__item));	
	//Scopes MUST BE
	strcat(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes->__item, "onvif://www.onvif.org/type/NetworkVideoTransmitter");
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Scopes->MatchBy = NULL;
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->XAddrs, _IPAddr);
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->Types, wsdd__Probe->Types);
	DBG("wsdd__Probe->Types=%s\n",wsdd__Probe->Types);
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->MetadataVersion = 1;
	//ws-discovery规定 为可选项
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceProperties->__size = 0;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceProperties->__any = NULL;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceParameters->__size = 0;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ReferenceParameters->__any = NULL;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.PortType[0] = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * SMALL_INFO_LENGTH);
	//ws-discovery规定 为可选项
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.PortType[0], "ttl");
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ServiceName->__item = NULL;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ServiceName->PortName = NULL;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.ServiceName->__anyAttribute = NULL;
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__any[0] = (char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * SMALL_INFO_LENGTH);
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__any[0], "Any");
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__anyAttribute, "Attribute");
	ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.__size = 0;
	strcpy(ProbeMatches.ProbeMatch->wsa__EndpointReference.Address, _HwId);
	/*注释的部分为可选,注释掉onvif test也能发现ws-d*/
	//soap->header->wsa__To = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous";
	//soap->header->wsa__Action = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/04/discovery/ProbeMatches";
	soap->header->wsa__RelatesTo = (struct wsa__Relationship*)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(struct wsa__Relationship));
	//it's here
	soap->header->wsa__RelatesTo->__item = soap->header->wsa__MessageID;
	soap->header->wsa__RelatesTo->RelationshipType = NULL;
	soap->header->wsa__RelatesTo->__anyAttribute = NULL;
	soap->header->wsa__MessageID =(char *)soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(char) * INFO_LENGTH);
	strcpy(soap->header->wsa__MessageID,_HwId+4);
    /* send over current socket as HTTP OK response: */
	/*测试过,第二参数必须http,action随意*/
    soap_send___wsdd__ProbeMatches(soap, "http://", NULL, &ProbeMatches);
	return SOAP_OK;
想要写出上述代码,是一定要了解SOAP格式的,在WS-Discovery中描述了discovery所用的soap格式 

1首先是了解消息头header和ProbeMatches中的内容,非常重要,可以参考这里http://www.w3.org/Submission/ws-addressing/  最好详细的学习一下,里面的内容非常重要。

2其次需要理解的是,其实当你看完ws-addressing后你会发现,骨架代码中的结构体和SOAP消息中的内容是一一对应的,例如:

结构体osap->header对应SOAP消息的<SOAP-ENV:Header></SOAP-ENV:Header>中的内容,包含在header里的内容当然会包含在SOAP的header内。例如:

结构体soap->header->wsa__RelatesTo对应的是<wsa:RelatesTo></wsa:RelatesTo>。

3最后需要理解的是,在代码中的"__"双下划线一般对应xml中的命名空间的":",下划线前是命名空间,后是具体内容。

4最后的最后是要详细的阅读ONVIF Core Specification

下图为响应OnvifTestTool的Probe命令的SOAP消息

结合上图再分析代码就亲切多了。在ONVIF Core Specification的7.3.2.2  Scopes 一节描述了onvif需要的Scopes,这个是需要在程序里填充,具体填充什么,文档里说的很明确:

注意点是在太多,随便漏掉一个都可能会导致搜不到设备,下图是非常重要的一个:

SOAP1.1和SOAP1.2所使用的SOAP-ENV是不同的,ONVIF使用的是SOAP1.1,如果soapcpp2产生的nsmap文件中的SOAP-ENV是SOAP1.2版本的话,那么OnvifTestTool是不会识别设备发出的SOAP消息的。

5、该main函数登场了

int main()
	int server_udp;
	int retval=0;
	struct soap *soap_udp;
	int fault_flag = 0;
	server_udp = create_server_socket_udp();
	bind_server_udp1(server_udp);
	while(1){
		soap_udp=soap_new();
		soap_init1(soap_udp, SOAP_IO_UDP);
		soap_udp->master = server_udp;
		soap_udp->socket = server_udp;
		soap_udp->errmode = 0;
		soap_udp->bind_flags = 1;
		if (!soap_valid_socket(soap_bind(soap_udp, NULL, 3702, 100)))
			soap_print_fault(soap_udp, stderr);
		fprintf(stderr,"soap_serve starting..\n");
		retval = soap_serve(soap_udp); //阻塞在这里
		fprintf(stderr,"retval=%d\n",retval);
		if(retval && !(fault_flag))
			fault_flag = 1;
		else if(!retval)
			fault_flag = 0;
		soap_destroy(soap_udp);
		soap_end(soap_udp);
		soap_done(soap_udp);
		free(soap_udp);
}
soap_server函数会一直阻塞,直到接收到SOAP消息,并且该处理是一次性的,所以要将将soap_server放到while里或者独立的线程中。
最后编译运行

make server

./discovery.tmp

单击OnvifTestTool的Discover Devices,运行discovery.tmp的中会打印调试信息,如图


然后,在OnvifTestTool中会搜索到我的设备

响应Discover Devices的SOAP消息如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope 
	xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" 
	xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-encoding" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
	xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" 
	xmlns:wsdd="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/04/discovery" 
	xmlns:ns1="http://www.onvif.org/ver10/network/wsdl/RemoteDiscoveryBinding" 
	xmlns:ns2="http://www.onvif.org/ver10/network/wsdl/DiscoveryLookupBinding" 
	xmlns:ns3="http://www.onvif.org/ver10/network/wsdl/DiscoveryLookupBinding" 
	xmlns:tdn="http://www.onvif.org/ver10/network/wsdl">
	<SOAP-ENV:Header>
		<wsa:MessageID>uuid:2419d68a-2dd2-21b2-a205-010101010101</wsa:MessageID>
		<wsa:RelatesTo>uuid:88a3958a-6155-4510-8279-69aeafd31681</wsa:RelatesTo>
		<wsa:To SOAP-ENV:mustUnderstand="true">urn:schemas-xmlsoap-org:ws:2005:04:discovery</wsa:To>
		<wsa:Action SOAP-ENV:mustUnderstand="true">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/04/discovery/Probe</wsa:Action>
	</SOAP-ENV:Header>
	<SOAP-ENV:Body>
		<wsdd:ProbeMatches>
			<wsdd:ProbeMatch xmlns:_0="http://www.onvif.org/ver10/device/wsdl">
				<wsa:EndpointReference>
				<wsa:Address>urn:uuid:2419d68a-2dd2-21b2-a205-010101010101</wsa:Address>
				<wsa:ReferenceProperties></wsa:ReferenceProperties>
				<wsa:ReferenceParameters></wsa:ReferenceParameters>
				<wsa:PortType>ttl</wsa:PortType>
				</wsa:EndpointReference>
				<wsdd:Types>_0:Device</wsdd:Types>
				<wsdd:Scopes>onvif://www.onvif.org/type/NetworkVideoTransmitter</wsdd:Scopes>
				<wsdd:XAddrs>http://192.168.1.233/onvif/device_service</wsdd:XAddrs>
				<wsdd:MetadataVersion>1</wsdd:MetadataVersion>
			</wsdd:ProbeMatch>
		</wsdd:ProbeMatches>
	</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

上述完整的代码包在这里,有需要的就去下载吧:http://download.csdn.net/detail/ghostyu/4766025

另外我参考的部分文档可以再这里下载

ONVIF-Core-Spec-v210.pdf:http://download.csdn.net/detail/ghostyu/4766067

gSOAP手册:http://download.csdn.net/detail/ghostyu/4766075

OnvifTestTool12.06测试工具网上有的,我就不上传了。

一、ONVIF的调试: ONVIF官方给出的调试工具有ODM和ODTools,具体区别:ODM更加和onvif_client工具更加类似,可以面向用户操作;OTDTools更加面向debug,可以对每一项接口进行debug。 也可以用大厂给出的onvif_client或者网上开源的onvif_client工具进行调试; 二、ONVIF_SERVER代码框架: 1、一般使用gsoap工具来生成代码框架,支持C/C++/phthon等多种语言。但是生产的只是... Onvif的录像存储功能主要由Media、Recording和Replay三个关键服务共同支持。它们协同工作,为录像的存储、检索和播放提供了标准化的接口。Media服务:负责视频流的配置和传输,包括实时流和录像流。一般来说,实时流对应子码流,录像流对应主码流。Media服务定义了如何配置录像参数(包括:编码格式、分辨率、帧率、码率等),以及如何申请主子码流。Recording服务:负责录像的管理,允许客户创建、修改和删除录像配置文件,查询可用的录像,以及管理录像存储策略等。 ONVIF鉴权实现代码 生成gSOAP框架代码,这个网上有很多教程,需要加入很多文件,并且需要openssl库。加入需要鉴权的文件和openssl库以后,只需要加每个接口中加入鉴权操作的代码,调用的时候就能实现鉴权。 ONVIF的鉴权分两种: HTTP Digest 和 WS-Username Token 在ONVIF Device Test Tool上可以对两种鉴权分别进行测试。 authenticate.h #ifndef __AUTHENTICATE_H__ #define __AUTHENTICAT 最近在做摄像机ONVIF的协议,看了几天文档调了点代码和大家分享下,下步准备实现RTSP的流地址的获取。 附件里面是我的完整代码工程,使用的是arm-linux-gcc,代码也可以在X86的Linux上跑,只要将Makefile里面额CC=arm-linux-gcc换成gcc即可 工作平台及工具:     Ubuntu:12.04 + arm-linux-gcc/gcc + OnvifT 一、onvif服务器的运行机制 onvif服务器与客户不同,onvif服务器至少要存在两条线程,一条线程通过UDP协议的socket去监听239.255.255.250:3702的Probe探测信息;另一条线程通过TCP协议的socket去接收客户发来的报文,服务器接收到报文后再调用soap_serve_request函数... 这个问题竟然花了三天才解决,主要是对ONVIF不太熟悉,下面分享下我解决问题的办法。 首先用gsoap生成ONVIF框架,网上例子很多,在此不多讲,可以参见 [Onvif开发之代码框架生成篇](http://blog.csdn.net/max_min_go/article/details/17562045) ,有一点要注意下,网上的很多例子讲的是Client的,不是Server,在最后使用soa 一、设备发现的机制 从ONVIF的官方文档中可以了解到,客户在UDP协议下,向网段内的组播地址239.255.255.250,口3702,不断地向四周发送Probe消息探针,而网段内的服务器在接收到Probe这个探测消息后,通过回复ProbeMatch消息让客户接收,从而让客户识别到服务器。 所以服务器就需要创建一个UDP协议的socket,去监听239.255.255.250:3702... ONVIF = 服务 + 客户 =(Web Services + RTSP)+ 客户 = ((WSDL + SOAP) + RTSP) + 客户 WSDL是服务用来向客户描述自己实现哪些请求、发送请求时需要带上哪些参数xml组织格式;SOAP是客户向服务发送请求时的参数的xml组织格式 Web Services实现摄像头控制(比如一些参数配置、摄象头的上下左右(PTZ)控制);RTSP实现报像头视频传输 Web Services具摄像头控制具体到技术交. WebService、soap、gsoap基本概念 WebService服务基本概念:就是一个应用程序,它向外界暴露出一个可以通过web进行调用的API,是分布式的服务组件。本质上就是要以标准的形式实现企业内外各个不同服务系统之间的互调和集成。 soap概念:简单对象访问协议,是一种轻量的、简单的、基于 XML 的协议,它被设计成在 WEB 上交换结构化的和固化的信息。 从这里的概念可以看得...