linux内核编译相关注意点

DayIdea

这个人很勤快，什么都介绍了。

在编译内核的时候可以使用config 、menuconfig 、make allyesconfig 等辅助内核的配置参数。

具体可能常用可选编译配置参数如下：

make config

make menuconfig

make oldconfig

make localmodconfig

make xconfig

make defconfig

make gconfig

make olddefconfig

1、make config

是文本式，对话式，基于命令行的一种配置。一个一个的询问，比较麻烦。

2、make menuconfig

这是有菜单选项以及有辅助图形界面的配置，基于ncurses库。（常常使用）

3、make oldconfig

使用旧的(之前)的配置，当前存在的 .config 文件直接进行内核编译

4、make xconfig

真正意义上的用到了图形界面的配置，使用的是QT的库。由于会加载额外的库，并不是用得很多。

5、make deconfig

直接使用某个默认的配置，和配置内容相关，与使用何种配置方式无关。

6、make gconfig

使用的图形界面进行内核配置，可能看起来好看一些？使用的是GTK的库。

7、make localmodconfig

自动检测当前linux内核加载的内核模块，根据当前的linux内核加载模块情况自动添加相关的参数到 .config 文件中，然后用 make menuconfig 等手动配置内核的方式进行内核配置，可以简化部分内核模块的选择。

下面附上make 编译内核可选参数的有关内容。

"make config"      Plain text interface.
"make menuconfig"  Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
"make nconfig"     Enhanced text based color menus.
"make xconfig"     Qt based configuration tool.
"make gconfig"     GTK+ based configuration tool.
"make oldconfig"   Default all questions based on the contents of
                   your existing ./.config file and asking about
                   new config symbols.
"make olddefconfig"
                   Like above, but sets new symbols to their default
                   values without prompting.
"make defconfig"   Create a ./.config file by using the default
                   symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
                   or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
                   depending on the architecture.
"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
                   Create a ./.config file by using the default
                   symbol values from
                   arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
                   Use "make help" to get a list of all available
                   platforms of your architecture.
"make allyesconfig"
                   Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                   values to 'y' as much as possible.
"make allmodconfig"
                   Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                   values to 'm' as much as possible.
"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                   values to 'n' as much as possible.
"make randconfig"  Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                   values to random values.
"make localmodconfig" Create a config based on current config and
                      loaded modules (lsmod). Disables any module
                      option that is not needed for the loaded modules.
                      To create a localmodconfig for another machine,
                      store the lsmod of that machine into a file
                      and pass it in as a LSMOD parameter.
                      Also, you can preserve modules in certain folders
                      or kconfig files by specifying their paths in
                      parameter LMC_KEEP.
              target$ lsmod > /tmp/mylsmod
              target$ scp /tmp/mylsmod host:/tmp
              host$ make LSMOD=/tmp/mylsmod \
                      LMC_KEEP="drivers/usb:drivers/gpu:fs" \
                      localmodconfig
                      The above also works when cross compiling.
"make localyesconfig" Similar to localmodconfig, except it will convert