docker安装Elasticsearch7.6集群并设置密码

Elasticsearch从6.8开始，允许免费用户使用X-Pack的安全功能，以前安装es都是裸奔。接下来记录配置安全认证的方法。
为了简化物理安装过程，我们将使用docker安装我们的服务。
一些基础配置

es需要修改linux的一些参数。
设置 vm.max_map_count=262144
sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.max_map_count=262144
不重启， 直接生效当前的命令
sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
es的data和logs目录需要给1000的用户授权， 我们假设安装3个实力的es集群，先创建对应的数据存储文件
mkdir -p es01/data
mkdir -p es01/logs
mkdir -p es02/data
mkdir -p es02/logs
mkdir -p es03/data
mkdir -p es03/logs
## es的用户id为1000，这里暂且授权给所有人好了
sudo chmod 777 es* -R
关于版本和docker镜像
Elasticsearch分几种licenses，其中Open Source和Basic是免费的， 而在6.8之后安全功能才开始集成在es的Basic授权上。

Basic对应docker镜像为
docker pull docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.6.2
同时dockerhub同步为elasticsearch. 我们直接拉取elasticsearch:7.6.2就好。
安装文件均放在GitHub： https://github.com/Ryan-Miao/docker-china-source/tree/master/docker-elasticsearch
首先，创建docker-compose.yml
version: '2.2'
services:
  es01:
    image: elasticsearch:7.6.2
    container_name: es01
    environment:
      - node.name=es01
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es02,es03
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - ./es01/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      - ./es01/logs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/logs
      - ./elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
      - ./elastic-certificates.p12:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elastic-certificates.p12
    ports:
      - 9200:9200
    networks:
      - elastic
  es02:
    image: elasticsearch:7.6.2
    container_name: es02
    environment:
      - node.name=es02
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es01,es03
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - ./es02/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      - ./es02/logs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/logs
      - ./elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
      - ./elastic-certificates.p12:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elastic-certificates.p12
    ports:
      - 9201:9200
    networks:
      - elastic
  es03:
    image: elasticsearch:7.6.2
    container_name: es03
    environment:
      - node.name=es03
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es01,es02
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - ./es03/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      - ./es03/logs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/logs
      - ./elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
      - ./elastic-certificates.p12:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elastic-certificates.p12
    ports:
      - 9202:9200
    networks:
      - elastic
  kib01:
    depends_on: 
      - es01
    image: kibana:7.6.2
    container_name: kib01
    ports:
      - 5601:5601
    environment:
      ELASTICSEARCH_URL: http://es01:9200
      ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS: http://es01:9200
    volumes:
      - ./kibana.yml:/usr/share/kibana/config/kibana.yml
    networks:
      - elastic
networks:
  elastic:
    driver: bridge
关于elasticsearch.yml
network.host: 0.0.0.0
xpack.security.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.type: PKCS12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.verification_mode: certificate
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.path: elastic-certificates.p12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.path: elastic-certificates.p12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.type: PKCS12
xpack.security.audit.enabled: true
network.host 设置允许其他ip访问，解除ip绑定
xpack.security 则是安全相关配置，其中ssl的证书需要自己生成
关于证书elastic-certificates.p12
es提供了生成证书的工具elasticsearch-certutil，我们可以在docker实例中生成它，然后复制出来，后面统一使用。
首先运行es实例
sudo docker run -dit --name=es elasticsearch:7.6.2 /bin/bash
进入实例内部
sudo docker exec -it es /bin/bash
生成ca: elastic-stack-ca.p12
[root@25dee1848942 elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch-certutil ca
This tool assists you in the generation of X.509 certificates and certificate
signing requests for use with SSL/TLS in the Elastic stack.
The 'ca' mode generates a new 'certificate authority'
This will create a new X.509 certificate and private key that can be used
to sign certificate when running in 'cert' mode.
Use the 'ca-dn' option if you wish to configure the 'distinguished name'
of the certificate authority
By default the 'ca' mode produces a single PKCS#12 output file which holds:
    * The CA certificate
    * The CA's private key
If you elect to generate PEM format certificates (the -pem option), then the output will
be a zip file containing individual files for the CA certificate and private key
Please enter the desired output file [elastic-stack-ca.p12]: 
Enter password for elastic-stack-ca.p12 : 
再生成cert:  elastic-certificates.p12
[root@25dee1848942 elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch-certutil cert --ca elastic-stack-ca.p12
This tool assists you in the generation of X.509 certificates and certificate
signing requests for use with SSL/TLS in the Elastic stack.
The 'cert' mode generates X.509 certificate and private keys.
这个生成elastic-certificates.p12 就是我们需要使用的。
复制出证书, ctrl+d退出容器内部
sudo docker cp es:/usr/share/elasticsearch/elastic-certificates.p12 .
# 关闭这个容器
sudo docker kill es
sudo docker rm es
如此获取了证书。
我们首先要启动es集群，去里面生成密码。
sudo docker-compose up
然后进入其中一台
sudo docker exec -it es01 /bin/bash
生成密码用auto， 自己设置用 interactive
[root@cfeeab4bb0eb elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords -h
Sets the passwords for reserved users
Commands
--------
auto - Uses randomly generated passwords
interactive - Uses passwords entered by a user
Non-option arguments:
command              
Option             Description        
------             -----------        
-E <KeyValuePair>  Configure a setting
-h, --help         Show help          
-s, --silent       Show minimal output
-v, --verbose      Show verbose output
[root@cfeeab4bb0eb elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords auto
Initiating the setup of passwords for reserved users elastic,apm_system,kibana,logstash_system,beats_system,remote_monitoring_user.
The passwords will be randomly generated and printed to the console.
Please confirm that you would like to continue [y/N]y
Changed password for user apm_system
PASSWORD apm_system = YxVzeT9B2jEDUjYp66Ws
Changed password for user kibana
PASSWORD kibana = 8NnThbj0N02iDaTGhidU
Changed password for user logstash_system
PASSWORD logstash_system = 9nIDGe7KSV8SQidSk8Dj
Changed password for user beats_system
PASSWORD beats_system = qeuVaf1VEALpJHfEUOjJ
Changed password for user remote_monitoring_user
PASSWORD remote_monitoring_user = DtZCrCkVTZsinRn3tW3D
Changed password for user elastic
PASSWORD elastic = q5f2qNfUJQyvZPIz57MZ
浏览器访问localhost:9200/9201/9202 需要输入账号
输入对应的elastic/password就好
浏览器访问localhost:5601
如果生成后忘记密码了怎么办， 可以进入机器去修改。
进入es的机器
sudo docker exec -it es01 /bin/bash
创建一个临时的超级用户RyanMiao
./bin/elasticsearch-users useradd ryan -r superuser
Enter new password: 
ERROR: Invalid password...passwords must be at least [6] characters long
[root@cfeeab4bb0eb elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch-users useradd ryan -r superuser
Enter new password: 
Retype new password: 
用这个用户去修改elastic的密码：
curl -XPUT -u ryan:ryan123 http://localhost:9200/_xpack/security/user/elastic/_password -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '
  "password": "q5f2qNfUJQyvZPIz57MZ"
http://codingfundas.com/setting-up-elasticsearch-6-8-with-kibana-and-x-pack-security-enabled/index.html