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11g的数据库因为BUG，导致与AWR相关的分区表不会自动split，这样一来，oracle自动清理策略不会生效，导致AWR数据越来越大，撑满SYSAUX表空间。 12c不存在这个问题。检查快照实际保留时间与设定值的差异 14:51:28 SQL> col ash for a30 14:51:41 SQL> col SNAP for a30 14:51:46 SQL> col RETENTION for a30 14:51:51 SQL> select sysdate - a.sample_time ash, 14:51:53 2 sysdate - s.begin_interval_time snap, 14:51:53 3 c.RETENTION 14:51:53 4 from sys.wrm$_wr_control c, 14:51:53 5 ( 14:51:53 6 select db.dbid, 14:51:53 7 min(w.sample_time) sample_time 14:51:53 8 from sys.v_$database db, 14:51:54 9 sys.Wrh$_active_session_history w 14:51:54 10 where w.dbid = db.dbid group by db.dbid 14:51:54 11 ) a, 14:51:54 12 ( 14:51:54 13 select db.dbid, 14:51:54 14 min(r.begin_interval_time) begin_interval_time 14:51:54 15 from sys.v_$database db, 14:51:54 16 sys.wrm$_snapshot r 14:51:54 17 where r.dbid = db.dbid 14:51:54 18 group by db.dbid 14:51:54 19 ) s 14:51:54 20 where a.dbid = s.dbid 14:51:54 21 and c.dbid = a.dbid; ASH SNAP RETENTION ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ +000000851 21:45:18.673 +000000008 17:01:35.550 +00008 00:00:00.0 1 row selected. ASH保留了851天，但是设定值是8天。 SYSAUX表空间的使用情况 15:04:31 SQL> COL Item FOR A30 15:05:18 SQL> COL Schema FOR A30 15:05:49 SQL> SELECT occupant_name "Item", 15:05:50 2 space_usage_kbytes / 1048576 "Space Used (GB)", 15:05:50 3 schema_name "Schema", 15:05:50 4 move_procedure "Move Procedure" 15:05:51 5 FROM v$sysaux_occupants 15:05:51 6 ORDER BY 2 desc ; Item Space Used (GB) Schema Move Procedure ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- SM/AWR 10.2494507 SYS SM/OPTSTAT .566101074 SYS XDB .123962402 XDB XDB.DBMS_XDB.MOVEXDB_TABLESPACE LOGMNR .073669434 SYSTEM SYS.DBMS_LOGMNR_D.SET_TABLESPACE SDO .072509766 MDSYS MDSYS.MOVE_SDO SM/ADVISOR .067810059 SYS EM .047058105 SYSMAN emd_maintenance.move_em_tblspc AO .03729248 SYS DBMS_AW.MOVE_AWMETA XSOQHIST .03729248 SYS DBMS_XSOQ.OlapiMoveProc JOB_SCHEDULER .02557373 SYS ORDIM/ORDDATA .013244629 ORDDATA ordsys.ord_admin.move_ordim_tblspc SM/OTHER .00769043 SYS XSAMD .005004883 OLAPSYS DBMS_AMD.Move_OLAP_Catalog SMON_SCN_TIME .004150391 SYS EXPRESSION_FILTER .003540039 EXFSYS TEXT .003540039 CTXSYS DRI_MOVE_CTXSYS WM .002380371 WMSYS DBMS_WM.move_proc SQL_MANAGEMENT_BASE .001647949 SYS PL/SCOPE .001525879 SYS STREAMS .001342773 SYS LOGSTDBY .001342773 SYSTEM SYS.DBMS_LOGSTDBY.SET_TABLESPACE EM_MONITORING_USER .000854492 DBSNMP ORDIM .000427246 ORDSYS ordsys.ord_admin.move_ordim_tblspc AUTO_TASK .000305176 SYS ORDIM/SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA 0 SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA ordsys.ord_admin.move_ordim_tblspc TSM 0 TSMSYS AUDIT_TABLES 0 SYS DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.move_dbaudit_tables ULTRASEARCH_DEMO_USER 0 WK_TEST MOVE_WK ULTRASEARCH 0 WKSYS MOVE_WK ORDIM/ORDPLUGINS 0 ORDPLUGINS ordsys.ord_admin.move_ordim_tblspc STATSPACK 0 PERFSTAT 31 rows selected. Elapsed: 00:00:00.84 SM/AWR的含义是Server Manageability - Automatic Workload Repository，如果它的值大那么表示AWR信息容量大。 SM/OPTSTAT的含义是Server Manageability - Optimizer Statistics History，如果它的值大那么表示优化器统计信息容量大。查询具体哪些表占用量大 15:06:00 SQL> select * from ( 15:06:41 2 select segment_name,SEGMENT_TYPE,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 total_mb from dba_segments where tablespace_name = 15:06:41 3 'SYSAUX' group by segment_name,SEGMENT_TYPE order by 3 desc) 15:06:41 4 where rownum <=20; SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TOTAL_MB --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ---------- WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY TABLE PARTITION 2951.0625 WRH$_EVENT_HISTOGRAM_PK INDEX PARTITION 768.0625 WRH$_EVENT_HISTOGRAM TABLE PARTITION 736.0625 WRH$_LATCH TABLE PARTITION 640.0625 WRH$_SQLSTAT TABLE PARTITION 528.0625 WRH$_SYSSTAT_PK INDEX PARTITION 432.0625 WRH$_SYSSTAT TABLE PARTITION 408.0625 WRH$_PARAMETER_PK INDEX PARTITION 384.0625 WRH$_LATCH_PK INDEX PARTITION 376.0625 WRH$_LATCH_MISSES_SUMMARY TABLE PARTITION 336.0625 WRH$_PARAMETER TABLE PARTITION 320.0625 WRH$_LATCH_MISSES_SUMMARY_PK INDEX PARTITION 320.0625 WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY_PK INDEX PARTITION 304.0625 WRH$_SEG_STAT TABLE PARTITION 246.0625 WRH$_SERVICE_STAT_PK INDEX PARTITION 168.0625 WRH$_SYSTEM_EVENT TABLE PARTITION 168.0625 WRH$_SQLSTAT_PK INDEX PARTITION 160.0625 SYS_LOB0000006409C00004$$ LOBSEGMENT 144 I_WRI$_OPTSTAT_H_OBJ#_ICOL#_ST INDEX 136 WRH$_SEG_STAT_PK INDEX PARTITION 112.0625 20 rows selected. Elapsed: 00:00:00.09 查询快照信息： 15:06:41 SQL> SELECT MIN(SNAP_ID),MAX(SNAP_ID) FROM DBA_HIST_SNAPSHOT; MIN(SNAP_ID) MAX(SNAP_ID) ------------ ------------ 20147 20354 1 row selected. Elapsed: 00:00:00.00 15:07:22 SQL> SELECT MIN(SNAP_ID),MAX(SNAP_ID) FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY; MIN(SNAP_ID) MAX(SNAP_ID) ------------ ------------ 1 20354 1 row selected. Elapsed: 00:00:03.83 可以用下面的方法清理指定的快照数据。但是一般情况下，表空间告警的时候，WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY已经很大了，下面的方法其实就是delete，奇慢无比。 EXEC dbms_workload_repository.drop_snapshot_range(low_snap_id=>1, high_snap_id=>3); 上面的存储过程最主要的其实是下面的语句，可以通过v$session和v$sql抓取出来。 delete from WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY tab where (:beg_snap <= tab.snap_id and tab.snap_id <= :end_snap and dbi d = :dbid) and not exists (select 1 from WRM$_BASELINE b where (tab.dbid = b.dbid) and (tab.snap_id >= b.start_snap_id) and (tab.snap_id <= b.end_snap_id)) 下面的命令可以展示每个分区最大最小的snap id 15:29:35 SQL> set serveroutput on 15:29:43 SQL> declare 15:29:43 2 CURSOR cur_part IS 15:29:43 3 SELECT partition_name from dba_tab_partitions 15:29:43 4 WHERE table_name = 'WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY'; 15:29:43 5 15:29:43 6 query1 varchar2(200); 15:29:43 7 query2 varchar2(200); 15:29:43 8 15:29:43 9 TYPE partrec IS RECORD (snapid number, dbid number); 15:29:43 10 TYPE partlist IS TABLE OF partrec; 15:29:43 11 15:29:43 12 Outlist partlist; 15:29:43 13 begin 15:29:43 14 dbms_output.put_line('PARTITION NAME SNAP_ID DBID'); 15:29:43 15 dbms_output.put_line('--------------------------- ------- ----------'); 15:29:43 16 15:29:43 17 for part in cur_part loop 15:29:43 18 query1 := 'select min(snap_id), dbid from sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY partition ('||part.partition_name||') group by dbid'; 15:29:43 19 execute immediate query1 bulk collect into OutList; 15:29:44 20 15:29:44 21 if OutList.count > 0 then 15:29:44 22 for i in OutList.first..OutList.last loop 15:29:44 23 dbms_output.put_line(part.partition_name||' Min '||OutList(i).snapid||' '||OutList(i).dbid); 15:29:44 24 end loop; 15:29:44 25 end if; 15:29:44 26 15:29:44 27 query2 := 'select max(snap_id), dbid from sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY partition ('||part.partition_name||') group by dbid'; 15:29:44 28 execute immediate query2 bulk collect into OutList; 15:29:44 29 15:29:44 30 if OutList.count > 0 then 15:29:44 31 for i in OutList.first..OutList.last loop 15:29:44 32 dbms_output.put_line(part.partition_name||' Max '||OutList(i).snapid||' '||OutList(i).dbid); 15:29:44 33 dbms_output.put_line('---'); 15:29:44 34 end loop; 15:29:44 35 end if; 15:29:44 36 15:29:44 37 end loop; 15:29:44 38 end; 15:29:44 39 / PARTITION NAME SNAP_ID DBID --------------------------- ------- ---------- WRH$_ACTIVE_3245728642_0 Min 1 3245728642 WRH$_ACTIVE_3245728642_0 Max 20354 3245728642 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:09.44 下面展示一种清理方法。总体来说，就是保留最近的数据，将表清空，再将数据插回去。除此之外，前面提到过此问题最关键的问题是因为分区不能自动split，下面的命令可以将所有与AWR有关的分区表全部split出一个新的分区出来。 alter session set "_swrf_test_action" = 72; 这样就可以自动等待上一个分区数据过期，自动清理，而且还会清理所有的相关分区表。下面我展示的方法，只会清理最大的那张表，其他表中的过期数据还是存在，但是占用量不大，所以也可以接受。 1. 创建临时表，保存近8天的数据 create table mingshuo.ash_bak_20190610 as select * from sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY where SAMPLE_TIME>=sysdate-9; SQL> select count(*) from mingshuo.ash_bak_20190610; COUNT(*) ---------- 12648 1 row selected. Elapsed: 00:00:00.01 2. 禁用AWR exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval => 0); 3. truncate WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY TRUNCATE TABLE sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY; 4. truncate 完成后，重建 WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY表的索引，并从备份表恢复数据 insert into sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY select * from mingshuo.ash_bak_20190610; commit; 5. 查看索引状态 set line 300 pages 200 col owner for a20 col index_name for a30 select index_owner, index_name, partition_name, status, tablespace_name, last_analyzed from dba_ind_partitions where index_name in (select index_name from dba_indexes where table_name in ('WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY') and table_owner = 'SYS'); 6. 如果索引失效重建索引（测试的时候是没有失效的，索引为本地索引） alter index sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY_PK rebuild parallel 8 nologging; alter index sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY_PK noparallel; 7. 启动AWR exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval => 60); 8. 测试awr和ash可能正常生成 ---手动生成snapshot exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot; @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt @?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt 9. 删除备份表 drop table mingshuo.ash_bak_20190610 purge;