ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_coolfengsy的技术博客_

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Unity2021 AssetBundle资源打包

AssetBundle是一种动态地资源加载方式。如果一次性地把资源导到游戏里，会使得游戏过大。可以把一些资源（例如：预制体、image、材质、music）与游戏主体分离，然后把这些分离的资源放到服务器上。当游戏需要该资源的时候就从服务器加载该资源，从而实现了资源的动态更新。

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_游戏引擎

1. 打包的主要步骤

设置打包的对象
生成AssetBundle
上传到服务器
下载AssetBundle
加载对象
使用对象

2.设置打包对象

首先，设置打包对象。

新建Prefabs文件夹，把图片放在Prefabs文件夹中。
新建一个材质球，把材质球添加到beijing中。
点击beijing预制体，可以看到Inspector窗口的右下角有个AssetBudle选项，第一个下拉菜单设置打包名称，第二个设置拓展名，都可以通过new自定义。
在这里，把三幅图片预制体都设置成allres打包名，以及u3d拓展名。

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_unity_02

3.生成AssetBundle

设置能够快速打包的编辑菜单

using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
public class MyTools : Editor
    [MenuItem("Tools/CreateBundle")]
    static void CreateAssetBundle()
        string path = "AB";//写入文件
        if (!Directory.Exists(path))
            Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
        //path:打包路径，BuildAssetBundleOptions.None：打包方式， BuildTarget.StandaloneWindows64：打包的目标平台
        BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundles(path, BuildAssetBundleOptions.None, BuildTarget.StandaloneWindows64);
        Debug.Log("Created Bundle!");
}

打包参数的设置

None	不使用任何特殊选项构建 assetBundle。
UncompressedAssetBundle	Don’t compress the data when creating the AssetBundle.
DisableWriteTypeTree	不包括 AssetBundle 中的类型信息。
DeterministicAssetBundle	使用存储在资源包中对象的 ID 的哈希构建资源包。
ForceRebuildAssetBundle	强制重新构建 assetBundle。
IgnoreTypeTreeChanges	在执行增量构建检查时忽略类型树更改。
AppendHashToAssetBundleName	向 assetBundle 名称附加哈希。
ChunkBasedCompression	创建 AssetBundle 时使用基于语块的 LZ4 压缩。
StrictMode	如果在此期间报告任何错误，则构建无法成功。
DryRunBuild	进行干运行构建。
DisableLoadAssetByFileName	禁用按照文件名称查找资源包 LoadAsset。
DisableLoadAssetByFileNameWithExtension	禁用按照带扩展名的文件名称查找资源包 LoadAsset。
AssetBundleStripUnityVersion	在构建过程中删除存档文件和序列化文件头中的 Unity 版本号。

设置完成后，经过引擎的编译，编辑栏上会出现Tools工具栏，点击Tools->CreateBundle，就会在工程目录下生成AB文件夹，里面有各种刚刚设置好的打包对象资源。

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u3d拓展名的文件为资源文件。
manifest文件为资源的一些信息

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_System_04

打开manifest文件

①为资源路径。
②为依赖对象的路径，因为beijing预制体绑定了一个材质，因此此依赖对象也使beijing预制体的材质对象。

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_unity_05

4.读取打包资源

读取打包资源，一般有4种方法。分别为从内存种读取、从文件中读取、通过WWW方式读取、unityWebRequest读取（推荐）。

1. 从内存中读取

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        //StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        //StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    IEnumerator fromMemory()
        string path = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\background.u3d";
        string matpath = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        byte[] bytes = File.ReadAllBytes(path);
        byte[] matbytes = File.ReadAllBytes(matpath);
        AssetBundle assetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromMemory(bytes);//以内存的方式加载
        AssetBundle matassetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromMemory(matbytes);//材质不需要实例化，只需要加载到内存就可以了
        GameObject prefabGo = assetBundle.LoadAsset("beijing") as GameObject;//实例化游戏对象
        GameObject.Instantiate(prefabGo);
        yield return null;
}

点击运行，beijing的资源和beijing所依赖的材质都加载到场景了。

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_游戏引擎_06

2. 从文件中读取

单文件方式

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        //StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        //StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    IEnumerator fromFile()
        string path = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\background.u3d";
        string matpath = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        AssetBundle assetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(path);
        AssetBundle matassetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(matpath);
        GameObject preobj = assetBundle.LoadAsset("beijing") as GameObject;
        GameObject.Instantiate(preobj);
        yield return null;
}

多文件方式

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        //StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        //StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        //StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    IEnumerator fromAllFile()
        string path = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\allres.u3d";
        string matpath = @"D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        AssetBundle assetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(path);
        Object[] objlist = assetBundle.LoadAllAssets();
        foreach (var obj in objlist)
            GameObject.Instantiate(obj as GameObject);
        AssetBundle matassetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(matpath);
        yield return null;
}

点击运行，所有的资源都加载到场景里

ios下 unity手机重启 unity build ios_unity_07

3.通过WWW方式读取

无缓存WWW方式

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        //StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        //StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        //StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    //WWW无缓存机制
    IEnumerator fromWWW1()
        //物体部分
        string path = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\allres.u3d";
        WWW www = new WWW(path);
        yield return www;
        //如果错误信息不空，则打印错误信息，并且中断
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(www.error))
            Debug.Log(www.error);
            yield break;
        AssetBundle asset = www.assetBundle;
        GameObject pre = asset.LoadAsset("beijing") as GameObject;
        GameObject.Instantiate(pre);
        //材质部分
        string matpath = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        WWW matwww = new WWW(matpath);
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(matwww.error))
            Debug.Log(matwww.error);
            yield break;
        AssetBundle matasset = matwww.assetBundle;
        www.Dispose();
        www = null;
        matwww.Dispose();
        matwww = null;
        yield return null;
}

有缓存方式

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        //StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        //StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        //StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    //WWW缓存机制
    IEnumerator fromWWW2()
        //物体部分
        string path = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\allres.u3d";
        WWW www = WWW.LoadFromCacheOrDownload(path, 1);//如果缓存中有对应的版本，则直接从缓存中读取,如果没有则返回一个错误信息
        //如果错误信息不空，则打印错误信息，并且中断
        //得到错误信息后，可以重定向路径
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(www.error))
            Debug.Log(www.error);
            yield break;
        AssetBundle asset = www.assetBundle;
        GameObject pre = asset.LoadAsset("beijing") as GameObject;
        GameObject.Instantiate(pre);
        //材质部分
        string matpath = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        WWW matwww = WWW.LoadFromCacheOrDownload(matpath,1);
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(matwww.error))
            Debug.Log(matwww.error);
            yield break;
        AssetBundle matasset = matwww.assetBundle;
        www.Dispose();
        www = null;
        matwww.Dispose();
        matwww = null;
        yield return null;
}

4.通过unityWebRequest读取

using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
public class LoadAssetBundle : MonoBehaviour
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
        //StartCoroutine(fromMemory());
        //StartCoroutine(fromFile()); //读取单个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromAllFile());//读取多个文件
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW1());
        //StartCoroutine(fromWWW2());
        StartCoroutine(fromunityWebRequest());
    //unityWebRequest
    IEnumerator fromunityWebRequest()
        //物体部分
        string path = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\allres.u3d";
        UnityWebRequest unityWebRequest;
        unityWebRequest = UnityWebRequestAssetBundle.GetAssetBundle(path);
        yield return unityWebRequest.SendWebRequest();//发送请求获取资源
        AssetBundle asset = DownloadHandlerAssetBundle.GetContent(unityWebRequest);//获取上面请求得到的资源
        GameObject pre = asset.LoadAsset("beijing") as GameObject;
        GameObject.Instantiate(pre);
        //材质部分
        string matpath = @"file:///D:\Unity3d\Project\AssetBundleDemo\AB\mat1.u3d";
        UnityWebRequest matunityWebRequest;
        matunityWebRequest = UnityWebRequestAssetBundle.GetAssetBundle(matpath);
        yield return matunityWebRequest.SendWebRequest();
        AssetBundle matasset = DownloadHandlerAssetBundle.GetContent(matunityWebRequest);
        yield return null;