本文讲述定位的第二种方式--用Android原生的SDK中的api定位，如果项目定位要求较高还是建议使用第三方地图库。

二、Android原生SDK中的api定位

Android原生方式获取经纬度两种定位方式：GPS定位和Wifi定位

示例代码如下：

public class TestLocationActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static final int LOCATION_CODE = 301;
    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private String locationProvider = null;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        getLocation();
    private void getLocation(){
        //1.获取位置管理器
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        //2.获取位置提供器，GPS或是NetWork
        List<String> providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是GPS
            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
            Log.v("TAG", "定位方式GPS");
        } else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是Network
            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
            Log.v("TAG", "定位方式Network");
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            //获取权限（如果没有开启权限，会弹出对话框，询问是否开启权限）
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) 
                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || 
                ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) 
                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //请求权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, LOCATION_CODE);
            } else {
                //3.获取上次的位置，一般第一次运行，此值为null
                Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
                if (location!=null){
                    Toast.makeText(this, location.getLongitude() + " " + 
                                         location.getLatitude() + "",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Log.v("TAG", "获取上次的位置-经纬度："+location.getLongitude()+"   "+location.getLatitude());
                    getAddress(location);
                }else{
                    //监视地理位置变化，第二个和第三个参数分别为更新的最短时间minTime和最短距离minDistace
                    locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1,locationListener);
        } else {
            Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
            if (location!=null){
                Toast.makeText(this, location.getLongitude() + " " + 
                                     location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                Log.v("TAG", "获取上次的位置-经纬度："+location.getLongitude()+"   "+location.getLatitude());
                getAddress(location);
            }else{
                //监视地理位置变化，第二个和第三个参数分别为更新的最短时间minTime和最短距离minDistace
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1,locationListener);
    public LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() {
        // Provider的状态在可用、暂时不可用和无服务三个状态直接切换时触发此函数
        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        // Provider被enable时触发此函数，比如GPS被打开
        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        // Provider被disable时触发此函数，比如GPS被关闭
        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        //当坐标改变时触发此函数，如果Provider传进相同的坐标，它就不会被触发
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            if (location != null) {
                //如果位置发生变化，重新显示地理位置经纬度
                Toast.makeText(TestLocationActivity.this, location.getLongitude() + " " + 
                                                          location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                Log.v("TAG", "监视地理位置变化-经纬度："+location.getLongitude()+"   "+location.getLatitude());
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case LOCATION_CODE:
                if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == getPackageManager().PERMISSION_GRANTED
                        && grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "申请权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    try {
                        List<String> providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
                        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
                            //如果是Network
                            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
                        }else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
                            //如果是GPS
                            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
                        Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
                        if (location!=null){
                            Toast.makeText(this, location.getLongitude() + " " + 
                                                 location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                            Log.v("TAG", "获取上次的位置-经纬度："+location.getLongitude()+"   "+location.getLatitude());
                        }else{
                            // 监视地理位置变化，第二个和第三个参数分别为更新的最短时间minTime和最短距离minDistace
                            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 0, 0,locationListener);
                    }catch (SecurityException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "缺少权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    finish();
                break;
    //获取地址信息:城市、街道等信息
    private List<Address> getAddress(Location location) {
        List<Address> result = null;
        try {
            if (location != null) {
                Geocoder gc = new Geocoder(this, Locale.getDefault());
                result = gc.getFromLocation(location.getLatitude(),
                        location.getLongitude(), 1);
                Toast.makeText(this, "获取地址信息："+result.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                Log.v("TAG", "获取地址信息："+result.toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        return result;
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
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在AndroidManifest.xml加权限

<!-- 粗略的位置权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"></uses-permission> 
<!-- 精确的位置权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
复制代码

三、总结

首先将手机定位服务设置，调到下图所示：

这可能会获取不到经纬度。为什么在网络和GPS都可用的情况下只执行GPS而不是网络？也许是从精确度考虑的，但是走GPS进入监听的listener后，不会执行onLocationChanged()方法，因为我是在室内，没有移动，所以如果你获取不到经纬度，就要将定位服务调到仅使用网络定位或者关闭手机GPS这样就可以获取到了。

Android Developer @ PSBC