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It seems that you have bound a list box to a collection, and your buttons are part of your Data Template or Item Template.
You can bind the Tag property of the buttons to your data object:

<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type c:Person}">
    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock>Name:</TextBlock>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Name}"/>
        </StackPanel>
        <Button Click="Button_Click" Tag="{Binding Path=.}">Click me!</Button>
    </StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
And the click event:
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    Button b = (Button)sender;
    Person p = (Person)b.Tag;
    MessageBox.Show(p.Name);
But, as other people suggest, you can use the DataContext property of the Button. It already points to the Person object in my example.
I think by using the Tag property, you have more control over what you want to access in you event handler.
There are many ways to do everything! Choose the one that best suits you.
                It is used to store some custom user data in controls. All of the controls of WPF and WindowsForms have this property. By the way, the DataContext property of the button already point to the exact same object.
– Mohammad Dehghan
                Mar 7, 2012 at 13:14
 lbPersons.DataContext = Persons;
 private void person_Clicked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
        Button cmd = (Button)sender;
        if (cmd.DataContext is Person) {
            Person p = (Person)cmd.DataContext;
And in XAML:
<Window.Resources>
    <DataTemplate x:Key="UserTemplate" >
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" >
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Name}" Width="50"/>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Age}" Width="20"/>
            <Button Content="Click" Click="person_Clicked"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
    <ListBox IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" Name="lbPersons" ItemsSource="{Binding}" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource UserTemplate}" />
</Grid>
ListBox.selectedItem and listbox.SelectedIndex will be set as part of clicking the button.
Assuming the items in the list box are say type MyListBoxItem
void SomeButtonClick(Object sender, EventArgs e)
  ListBox lb = sender as ListBox
  if (lb != null)
    MyListBoxItem item = lb.SelectedItem As MyListBoxItem;
    if (item != Null)
      item.MethodRelatedToButton(); // maybe
Amplified as requested
                He meant, that the Listbox, where one of your children was clicked, also gets the SelectedIndex and SelectedItem property changed because of clicking on a child item. You can use these properties to see which item was clicked.
– dowhilefor
                Mar 7, 2012 at 12:44
        
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