2.搜索/etc/passwd有root关键字的所有行，并输出shell列
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# awk -F ":" '/root/ {print $7}' /etc/passwd
/bin/bash
/sbin/nologin
3.统计/etc/passwd:文件名，每行的行号，每行的列数，对应的完整行内容
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# awk -F ":" '{print "filename:" FILENAME ",linenumber:" NR ",columns:" NF ",linecontent:"$0}' /etc/passwd
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:1,columns:7,linecontent:root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:2,columns:7,linecontent:bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:3,columns:7,linecontent:daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:4,columns:7,linecontent:adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:5,columns:7,linecontent:lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:6,columns:7,linecontent:sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:7,columns:7,linecontent:shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:8,columns:7,linecontent:halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:9,columns:7,linecontent:mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:10,columns:7,linecontent:uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:11,columns:7,linecontent:operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:12,columns:7,linecontent:games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:13,columns:7,linecontent:gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:14,columns:7,linecontent:ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:15,columns:7,linecontent:nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:16,columns:7,linecontent:dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:17,columns:7,linecontent:vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:18,columns:7,linecontent:abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:19,columns:7,linecontent:saslauth:x:499:76:Saslauthd user:/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:20,columns:7,linecontent:postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:21,columns:7,linecontent:haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:22,columns:7,linecontent:ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:23,columns:7,linecontent:sshd:x:74:74::/var/empty/sshd:/bin/false
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:24,columns:7,linecontent:zabbix:x:498:498:Zabbix Monitoring System:/var/lib/zabbix:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:25,columns:7,linecontent:ntop:x:497:497:ntop:/var/lib/ntop:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:26,columns:7,linecontent:tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:27,columns:7,linecontent:dev:x:500:500::/home/dev:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:28,columns:7,linecontent:ops:x:501:501::/home/ops:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:29,columns:7,linecontent:qa:x:502:502::/home/qa:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:30,columns:7,linecontent:bigdata:x:503:503::/home/bigdata:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:31,columns:7,linecontent:test:x:504:504::/home/test:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:32,columns:7,linecontent:autobots:x:505:505::/home/autobots:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:33,columns:7,linecontent:netdata:x:496:496:netdata:/opt/netdata:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:34,columns:7,linecontent:mysql:x:506:506:MySQL Server:/home/mysql:/bin/bash
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:35,columns:7,linecontent:gluster:x:495:495:GlusterFS daemons:/var/run/gluster:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:36,columns:7,linecontent:apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin
filename:/etc/passwd,linenumber:37,columns:7,linecontent:mysql-proxy:x:494:494:MySQL-Proxy user:/:/sbin/nologin
4.打印/etc/passwd/的第二行信息
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# awk 'NR==2{print "filename:" FILENAME,$0}' /etc/passwd
filename:/etc/passwd bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
5.获取第12到30行的第一列的信息
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# awk -F ":" '{if(NR > 12 && NR < 30) print $1}' /etc/passwd
gopher
nobody
saslauth
postfix
haldaemon
zabbix
tcpdump
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# cat long.txt | awk 'BEGIN{print "name,shell"} {print $1,$NF} END {print "hello world"}'
name,shell
2 test
3 awk
This's test
10 orange,apple,mongo
hello world
10.输出第二列不包含 "th"，并打印第二列与第四列
[root@127-0-0-1 scripts]# awk '$2 !~ /th/ {print $2,$4}' long.txt
Are like
awk '{print $1 $3}' part01 //$1与$3相连输出，不分隔
awk '{print $1,$3}' part01 //多了一个逗号，$1与$3使用空格分隔
awk '{print $1 " " $3}' part01 //$1与$3之间手动添加空格分隔
awk '{print $NF}' part01 //将每行第NF个字段的值打印出来
awk 'NF==4 {print }' part01 //显示只有4个字段的行
awk 'NF>2{print $0}' part01 //显示每行字段数量大于2的行
awk '{print NR,NF,$NF,"\t",$0}' part01 //依次打印行号，字段数，最后字段值，制表符，每行内容
awk 'NR==5{print}' part01 //显示第5行
awk 'NR==5 || NR==6{print}' part01 //显示第5行和第6行
awk 'NR!=1{print}' part01 //不显示第一行
//纯字符匹配 !//纯字符不匹配 ~//字段值匹配 !~//字段值不匹配 ~/a1|a2/字段值匹配a1或a2
awk '/mail/,/mysql/{print}' /etc/passwd //区间匹配
awk '/[2][7][7]*/{print $0}' /etc/passwd //匹配包含27为数字开头的行，如27，277，2777...
awk '$1~/mail/{print $1}' /etc/passwd //$1匹配指定内容才显示
awk '{if($1~/mail/) print $1}' /etc/passwd //与上面相同
awk '$1!~/mail/{print $1}' /etc/passwd //不匹配
16.IF语句，必须用在{}中，且比较内容用()扩起来
awk '{if($1~/mail/) print $1}' /etc/passwd //简写
awk '{if($1~/mail/) {print $1}}' /etc/passwd //全写
awk '{if($1~/mail/) {print $1} else {print $2}}' /etc/passwd //if...else...
awk '$1=="183.198.46.6"{print $4}' part01
awk '{if($1=="mysql") print $3}' /etc/passwd //与上面相同
awk '$1!="mysql"{print $3}' /etc/passwd //不等于
awk '$3>1000{print $3}' /etc/passwd //大于
awk '$3>=100{print $3}' /etc/passwd //大于等于
awk '$3<1{print $3}' /etc/passwd //小于
awk '$3<=1{print $3}' /etc/passwd //小于等于
awk '$1~/183.198.46.6/ && $4~/2015:19:14:40/ {print$7}' part01
awk '$1~/mail/ && $3>8 {print }' part01 //逻辑与，$1匹配mail，并且$3>8
awk '{if($1~/mail/ && $3>8) print }' /etc/passwd
awk '$1~/mail/ || $3>1000 {print }' /etc/passwd //逻辑或
awk '{if($1~/mail/ || $3>1000) print }' /etc/passwd
awk '/mysql|mail/{print $3+10}' /etc/passwd //第三个字段加10打印
awk '/mysql/{print $3-$4}' /etc/passwd //减法
awk '/mysql/{print $3*$4}' /etc/passwd //求乘积
awk '/MemFree/{print $2/1024}' /proc/meminfo //除法
awk '/MemFree/{print int($2/1024)}' /proc/meminfo //取整
广播电视节目制作经营许可证(京) 字第1234号 中国互联网协会会员
