现在越来越多的应用会使用viewpager+fragment显示自己的内容页,fragment和activity有很多共同点,如下图就是fragment的生命周期
但是fragment和activity不同的是当调用本身的onResume和onPause方法的时候可能并不是当前的fragment在显示,例如当加载下面这张图时,当我打开MainActivity时显示的是第一个fragment 但此时调用的方法步骤如下:
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.159 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onResume()
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onResume() 可见此时虽然用户看到的是第一个fragment 但第二个fragment onAttech onCreate
onCreateView onActivityCreater onStart(“这个我没油打印log”)onResume 方法已经调用,这会导致如果我们要统计用户更喜欢哪个fragment的内容时,虽然fragment已经创建并且onResume但其实并没有显示这一页,那么是什么原因呢,这是因为
Android
v4包下的viewpager,为了让用户在切换过程中不会卡顿,谷歌官方默认当创建第一个fragment方法时回创建第二个fragment以确保用户滑动时第二个view已经被创建,保持viewPager的平滑滑动效果。
翻阅谷歌api发现viewpager有一个方法即 setOffscreenPageLimit。但当在viewpager设置以下代码
viewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(0);
运行时打印的log和上面完全一致,即就算你设置只加载一个fragment还是会加载第二个fragment,原因是setOffscreenPageLimit中的源码时这样写的
-
public
void
setOffscreenPageLimit(
int
limit) {
-
if
(limit < DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES) {
-
Log.w(TAG,
"Requested offscreen page limit "
+ limit +
" too small; defaulting to "
+
-
DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES);
-
limit = DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES;
-
}
-
if
(limit != mOffscreenPageLimit) {
-
mOffscreenPageLimit = limit;
-
populate();
-
}
-
}
这个 DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES 定义如下
private static final int
DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES
= 1
;
就是如果你设置为0 也没用。!!!
为了解决判断是否fragment当前显示问题 可以在fragment重写 setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser)
在fragment添加log日志
-
public
class
Fragment1
extends
Fragment {
-
private
static
final
String TAG =
"Fragment1"
;
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onAttach(Activity activity) {
-
super
.onAttach(activity);
-
L.v(TAG,
"onAttach"
);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
setUserVisibleHint(
boolean
isVisibleToUser) {
-
L.v(TAG,
"setUserVisibleHint "
+ isVisibleToUser);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
-
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
-
L.v(TAG,
"onCreate"
);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
-
L.v(TAG,
"onCreateView"
);
-
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_layout,
null
);
-
TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv1);
-
tv.setText(TAG);
-
return
view;
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onActivityCreated(
@Nullable
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
-
super
.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
-
L.v(TAG,
"onActivityCreated"
);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onResume() {
-
super
.onResume();
-
L.v(TAG,
"onResume()"
);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onPause() {
-
super
.onPause();
-
L.v(TAG,
"onPause"
);
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public
void
onStop() {
-
super
.onStop();
-
L.v(TAG,
"onStop"
);
-
}
启动activity打印日志如下:
08-11 11:33:36.156 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:36.156 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:36.157 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.159 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onResume()
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onResume()
当切换到第二个fragment时打印日志:
08-11 11:33:54.084 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:54.084 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:54.084 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-11 11:33:54.084 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:54.085 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:54.085 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:54.085 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:54.085 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onResume()
可见当fragment显示时回调用方法 setUserVisibleHint中的isVisibleToUser = true 当fragment被切换隐藏时回 isVisibleToUser = false;
所以当我们要统计是否用户看到一个fragment时可以执行一下代码
-
@Override
-
public
void
setUserVisibleHint(
boolean
isVisibleToUser) {
-
L.v(TAG,
"setUserVisibleHint "
+ isVisibleToUser);
-
if
(isVisibleToUser) {
-
-
}
else
{
-
-
}
-
}
同时根据这个方法还可以进行数据的延迟加载,后面再写。
今天又看了一下发现单纯的执行上面的代码是有问题的,因为如果我们在else中认为用户是离开界面其实是不对的,因为根据启动第一个Fragment的log日志
08-11 11:33:36.156 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:36.156 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-11 11:33:36.157 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.158 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.159 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onResume()
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onAttach
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreate
08-11 11:33:36.160 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreateView
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onActivityCreated
08-11 11:33:36.161 7162-7162/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onResume()
第一次setUserVisibleHint 方法 isVisibleToUser 是false 但其实这个时候只是还未初始化,并不是用户已经浏览界面准备离开,于是这里我们需要一个辅助标记变量具体代码如下:
-
-
-
-
private
boolean
hasStarted =
false
;
-
@Override
-
public
void
setUserVisibleHint(
boolean
isVisibleToUser) {
-
super
.setUserVisibleHint(isVisibleToUser);
-
L.v(TAG,
"setUserVisibleHint "
+ isVisibleToUser);
-
if
(isVisibleToUser) {
-
hasStarted =
true
;
-
L.v(TAG,
"开始界面"
);
-
}
else
{
-
if
(hasStarted) {
-
hasStarted =
false
;
-
L.v(TAG,
"结束界面"
);
-
}
-
}
-
}
当我们启动MainActivity时 Log打印如下:
08-13 17:55:45.850 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-13 17:55:45.850 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-13 17:55:45.850 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onAttach
08-13 17:55:45.850 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreate
08-13 17:55:45.850 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-13 17:55:45.860 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ 开始界面
08-13 17:55:45.860 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onCreateView
08-13 17:55:45.870 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onActivityCreated
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onResume()
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onAttach
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreate
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onCreateView
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onActivityCreated
08-13 17:55:45.880 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ onResume()
切换到第二个fragment时,此时离开第一个fagment log打印如下
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ 结束界面
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ 开始界面
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onAttach
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onCreate
08-13 17:57:04.310 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onCreateView
08-13 17:57:04.320 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onActivityCreated
08-13 17:57:04.320 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ onResume()
切换到第三个fragment时,此时离开第二个fragment log打印如下:
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ setUserVisibleHint false
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment2﹕ 结束界面
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ setUserVisibleHint true
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment3﹕ 开始界面
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onPause
08-13 17:58:15.040 21467-21467/com.example.yinsgo.myui V/Fragment1﹕ onStop
可见这样就可以准确统计用户是否离开或者开始浏览界面了。根据这些开始和离开可以统计用户停留界面的时间等数据。