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How can one compile a XeLaTeX tex document using latexmk on Mac OS X?

At present I am running latexmk job.tex and getting an error:

******************************************** * XeTeX is required to compile this document. * Sorry! ********************************************. \RequireXeTeX ...********************************} \endgroup \fi l.18 \RequireXeTeX ! Emergency stop. \RequireXeTeX ...********************************} \endgroup \fi l.18 \RequireXeTeX

The first line of my tex file is (as suggested by this post ):

% !TEX TS-program = xelatexmk
and I've tried others (e.g. program=xelatex), but to no avail.
latexmk describes its commands as follows:
$ latexmk -commands xelatex job
Commands used by latexmk:
   To run latex, I use "latex %O %S"
   To run pdflatex, I use "pdflatex %O %S"
There doesn't appear bo be any logical mechanism for selecting a tex program from the command line, and it's not clear from the source how one would do this, either.
I've also looked atrubber, but it doesn't seem to work either.
I appreciate any insight you may be able to provide.
Brian
                Which version of latexmk are you using?  Besiedes the original, there is the Texshop version of latexmk maintained by Herbert Schulz, or the Texlive default version by John Collins? Look at the output to latexmk -v to see which. Only the Texshop version comes packaged with xelatexmk and recognises !TEX directives; with the jcc version you will have to write an RC file to invoke xelatex and how to handle xdv files.
– Charles Stewart
                Jun 28, 2010 at 9:58
`elsif (/^-xelatex$/) { $pdf_mode = 1; $pdflatex = 'xelatex %O %S'; $pdf_previewer =
'start evince %O %S';}`
above (or near) the line
`elsif (/^-pdf$/) { $pdf_mode = 1; }`
Then you can call latexmk -xelatex file.tex. Works, but I didn't test it extensively. Should work similarly with lualatex.
                I'll add an -xelatex option to latexmk in the next version (4.31).  This will work like the modification given here (except for the setting of the previewer to evince).
– John Collins
                Dec 24, 2011 at 19:39
                Notably, as of version 4.24, you can get this same effect by doing latexmk -pdflatex='xelatex %O %S' -pdf [...] instead of modifying the latexmk script. It's a bit verbose, but it gets the job done. If/when a flag is added, I'd prefer it if were based on a variable $xelatex. That way we can define the variable in ~/.latexmkrc in order to pass flags etc like we do now with $latex and $pdflatex.
– wren romano
                Dec 5, 2012 at 23:28
In version: 4.65 (18 June 2019), there is a difference between using the -xelatex option and setting -pdflatex as suggested by one of the comments.
Option 1: -xelatex
$ latexmk -xelatex file.tex
With the -xelatex option, or the -pdfxe option, the tex file is first typeset to an xdv (extended DVI) file.  Then, xdvipdfmx is called to convert the xdv file to a pdf file.
In latexmk, $xelatex_default_switches is set to -no-pdf (line 395) to have xelatex produce an xdv file instead of the default PDF file.
Hence the -xelatex option is equivalent to:
$ xelatex -no-pdf file.tex  # called one or more times to produce file.xdv
$ xdvipdfmx file.xdv        # called only once in the end
Option 2: -pdflatex=xelatex
A second option is to set pdflatex as follows along with turning on the -pdf option:
# %O is a substitution for options and %S is for source file
$ latexmk -pdflatex='xelatex %O %S' -pdf file.tex
In this approach, xelatex is used to generate the PDF file directly, without generating an intermediate output file.  Note that, today, xelatex first generates an xdv stream and internally pipes it to xdvipdfmx to produce a PDF file.
Hence this approach is equivalent to:
$ xelatex file.tex     # called one or more times to produce file.pdf
                In the second option the intermediate file will be generated internally and converted to pdf on every run. Therefore this option is slightly slower than the first option where the conversion to pdf is only done once in the end
– samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz
                Aug 31, 2019 at 13:06
        
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